💡 Peer review is one of the pillars of scientific credibility, but the way it is conducted is currently being updated. Open peer review (OPR) aims to increase transparency in the evaluation process by revealing reviewers’ identities, publishing reviews, and broadening scientific debate.
To understand how authors and reviewers of Cadernos de Saúde Pública perceive this model, we conducted a web survey with over 1,200 contributors to the journal. The results reveal a cautious community that recognizes the benefits of OPR for transparency but still has legitimate doubts and concerns, especially regarding the impact of interpersonal relationships on the evaluation process.
CSP is advancing, step by step, in the Open Science debates: since 2020, we have accepted preprints; in 2025, we began identifying the Associate Editor responsible for each article; and, starting in 2026, reviewers who wish to do so may have their names disclosed.
Openness must be accompanied by dialogue, clear guidelines, and institutional accountability.